A cap with a floor, plus full revenue sharing that includes broadcast revenues, can absolutely exist and make everyone happy....because in that scenario the floor would be much closer to the cap than what Passan lays out in your post above.
My point is the MLB financial system needs to be entirely redone - not just keeping revenue generation/sharing buckets the same as what they are now when one team gets ~$350M a year in its own TV market money and others get maybe $25M. Would players be happy with a cap/floor under the current revenue system? Heck no, and I wouldn't blame them. Would they be happy if pre arb/arbitration years/team control were reduced, full revenue sharing was implemented, and all 30 MLB clubs could readily spend upwards of $320M a year on their payroll? There sure as heck should be.
Additionally, the deferred money nonsense needs to go away - teams could still defer money in contracts if they/players wish, but the actual AAV of that contract would need to count towards a team's salary cap during the years they are actually playing (not deferred).