Would "tell us you did it or you'll spend the rest of your life in prison" count as coercion? If you do you'll just get 20 years. Would "tell us you did it or you'll get the death penalty" count as coercion? If you do you'll just get 40 years to life. If not Maroon 5, then how about Beatles lyrics, they have been around since 1966 as well. Deception toes the line on coercion. If you tell someone who is actually innocent (and that you have a hunch is guilty) that you have an eyewitness, a fingerprint, some bloody clothes that all point to the detained person and in reality you have none of that, and that you plan on asking for death penalty, but if you confess now we'll give you 20 years, some people are going to confess - and that isnt deception, that is intimidation and coercion. Deception is when you ACTUALLY have those things and you know or are 99% sure that the person is guilty BECAUSE of that evidence so you deceive them to try to get a confession, which will seal the deal at trial. rawbecht summed it up better than I could. Yes, many or most know or can recite the Miranda rights, but few know what they actually mean. Also, if you arent guilty, you would probably be less likely to ask for a lawyer because 1.) you have nothing to hide (or at least believe you do not) and 2.) most people trust and believe the police officers - which they shouldnt. I dont think it is crazy, unrealistic or baffling that an innocent person with average IQ could be questioned about a crime, figure they were innocent and shouldnt have to ask for a lawyer and then when the you-know-what starts getting thick, trust the police to just assign them a lawyer when they are entitled to one. My guess is that it would take a rather smart person or career criminal to be detained by police, interrogated and then have the knowledge and/or guts to tell the cops the either get him a lawyer (of if no Miranda Rights/no arrest) to let him walk out of the front door. So to bring this full circle, I can see a scenario where DEF2 witnesses a struggle between DEF1 and VIC and it WAS self defense, but after a few hours of being grilled by the police and being told that he is going to spend the rest of his life in prison, no parole, no nada and that they have all the evidence to prove it - or the classic, "your buddy already told us that it was intentional" that DEF2 pleads guilty out of fear and to at least have a life after the age of 40 rather than get an automatic no questions asked life sentence and never get out again. I was just wondering, if DEF1 then goes to trial and a fact-finding jury finds that it was self defense, what sort of recourse or appeal rights the DEF2 has. It seems likely that the result is that DEF1 gets nothing or much less while DEF2 is punished.