I felt like playing around with some numbers today, and with it being a hot topic around this time of year, I decided to model my own MVP award metric. I don't necessarily think this is the hands down, best way to name an MVP, however the logic behind it is more than fair. I call it: Postseason Probability Added (PPA). Here's the premise: I wanted to find the player that brought his team closer to the ultimate goal than any other. Now, what is the ultimate goal? Many say it is simply to win ballgames, and seek the player's that provided the most production in terms of win value. Others refuse to consider any players on non-playoff teams, because the playoffs are the ultimate goal. I wanted to try and combine those two sentiments and find which player increased his team's chances of making the postseason the most, by way of producing wins. I believe that a player on a non-playoff team should be eligible win the MVP Award. But I also believe that all wins are not of equal value, and therefore each win provided by a player to his team is not of equal value. For a team that is 61-100, their final game is meaningless. For a team that is 89-72, if they win their final game it happens to increase their chances of making the playoffs by around 11% in the average season. Big difference. I started by compiling every team's record since 1998, the last expansion year, and noted whether or not they made the playoffs. I then ran a logistic regression to find the odds of a team making the playoffs in an average season given their win total. Results: Postseason Odds = e ^ (0.4591 * W - 41.1605) / (1 + e ^ (0.4591 * W - 41.1605)) http://i35.photobucket.com/albums/d175/sbrylski06/PostseasonOdds.jpg *The blue dots are the probability of the sample statistics, when I had multiple teams at the same win total. For example, there were five teams with 87 wins since 1998, only one made the playoffs, so a mark was added at (87,0.20). Now that I know each team's postseason odds in an average season, I can see how much a player increased his team's chances by his production expressed in wins above replacement (WAR)... The metric starts simply by calculating the team's odds of making the postseason in an average year with the player on the team, by using the team's current real life win total. Then it calculates the team's odds of making the postseason in an average year if they were forced to use a replacement level player instead, by subtracting the player's WAR from the team's real life win total. The difference between those two postseason odds is a players value in terms of postseason probability, or the odds of his team reaching the ultimate goal. Because the season isn't over yet, I don't know each team's final, real life win total. Instead, I used their average expected win totals from Baseball Prospectus. For the players, I calculated the metric for everyone with 250+ PA or 100+ IP. Here's the results: Name Team Wins WAR With Without PPA ---------------- --------- ---- --- ----- ------- ----- 1 Albert Pujols Cardinals 93.2 8.3 0.836 0.101 0.735 2 Chase Utley Phillies 94.3 7.7 0.894 0.197 0.697 3 Ubaldo Jimenez Rockies 91.2 5.2 0.670 0.157 0.513 4 Chris Carpenter Cardinals 93.2 5.1 0.836 0.329 0.507 5 Joel Pineiro Cardinals 93.2 5.1 0.836 0.329 0.507 6 Adam Wainwright Cardinals 93.2 4.9 0.836 0.349 0.487 7 Troy Tulowitzki Rockies 91.2 4.5 0.670 0.205 0.465 8 Chone Figgins Angels 95.0 5.7 0.921 0.459 0.461 9 Jon Lester Red Sox 95.6 6.1 0.939 0.482 0.456 10 Jason Marquis Rockies 91.2 3.8 0.670 0.262 0.408 11 Jason Hammel Rockies 91.2 3.6 0.670 0.280 0.390 12 Jorge de la Rosa Rockies 91.2 3.5 0.670 0.290 0.381 13 Kevin Youkilis Red Sox 95.6 5.1 0.939 0.596 0.343 14 Jayson Werth Phillies 94.3 4.1 0.894 0.562 0.332 15 Seth Smith Rockies 91.2 3.0 0.670 0.339 0.331 16 Josh Beckett Red Sox 95.6 4.9 0.939 0.618 0.321 17 Todd Helton Rockies 91.2 2.7 0.670 0.370 0.300 18 Dustin Pedroia Red Sox 95.6 4.7 0.939 0.639 0.300 19 Ryan Howard Phillies 94.3 3.8 0.894 0.596 0.298 20 Raul Ibanez Phillies 94.3 3.8 0.894 0.596 0.298 As you might have guessed, popular candidates for the award like Joe Mauer (139th) and Zach Greinke (294th) are nowhere to be found. That's because they only added 3.2% and 0.0015% to their team's chance of making the playoffs, respectively. And from the perspective used to design this metric, that makes sense. Zach Greinke had a tremendous season - without him the Royals would have the worst record in the AL. But with him, they have the, um, well they still have the worst record in the AL. Did Greinke help the Royals win a bunch of games? Absolutely. Did it matter? Nope. If your team's chances of reaching the ultimate goal are about equal whether you signed the player or not, his signing was of zero value in that given season. Same thing on the other end of the spectrum. Derek Jeter has the 12th best WAR in the league at 6.4. But even without him, the Yankees would have had a 95.7% chance of making the playoffs. Jeter only added 4.1% postseason odds. Cut Jeter and the Yankees still make the playoffs, easy. Can Jeter really be an MVP candidate if that's the case? So what we are really isolating here is which player truly put his team over the top, in an average season. And that is why you see so many Cardinals, Rockies, and Phillies on that top 20 list. Those three teams rank 5th thru 7th in wins this season. Their postseason odds in an average year range between 89.4% and 67.0%. If you cut a star player off of one of these teams, they will really feel it. Those players are, by definition, the most valuable to their respective teams. So by this metric, your 2009 National League MVP is Albert Pujols. If the Cardinals instead had to play a replacement level player at first base, their odds of making the postseason would drop 73.5%. Now that is what I call a valuable player. And in the American League, your MVP is Chone Figgins. Again, it is hard to argue with an increase of 46.1% in the Angels postseason odds with him on the team. Lastly, if you were wondering, I give you your Least Valuable Players* of 2009: *Subject to having 250+ PA or 100+ IP Name Team Wins WAR With Without PPA ---------------- --------- ---- ---- ----- ------- ------ Chris Davis Rangers 88.5 -1.1 0.370 0.494 -0.123 Garrett Atkins Rockies 91.2 -0.6 0.670 0.728 -0.058 Gary Matthews Jr. Angels 95.0 -2.0 0.921 0.967 -0.046 Delmon Young Twins 82.3 -1.7 0.033 0.069 -0.036 Alexi Casilla Twins 82.3 -1.5 0.033 0.064 -0.031 Alfonso Soriano Cubs 83.9 -0.8 0.066 0.093 -0.027 Garret Anderson Braves 87.2 -0.3 0.245 0.271 -0.026 Chris Duncan Cardinals 93.2 -0.3 0.836 0.854 -0.018 Emilio Bonifacio Marlins 85.5 -0.3 0.129 0.146 -0.016 Carlos Quentin White Sox 79.9 -1.1 0.011 0.018 -0.007 Phew, no Brewers (not that its necessarily a good thing), but we can all laugh at the Cubs with Alphonso Soriano making the list. The Brewers' worst were Looper (-.002) and Suppan (-.001). Prince was our best at .005.