I just finished my 7th year as a high school baseball coach working specifically with pitchers. In my time I've only had one shoulder/arm injury to a pitcher and that was from a player who dislocated his shoulder playing summer league basketball and then played a season of QB followed by a half season of basketball before finally seeing a doctor and having surgery because of the pain. Baseball had nothing to do with it. I'm not going to say I have any answers or that I'm doing things the correct way but just that I've made lots of observations over the years. Most often my players who are constantly having sore shoulders and elbows are my football players. The guys who are bulked up gym rats. Having a big upper body does not make you a better pitcher. It reduces flexibility and leads to sore/tired muscles from overuse. I had two guys a few years ago who practically lived in the weight room. One was a pitcher and the other an OF. I told them at the beginning of the season that they can't lift during the season like they do the rest of the year or they will be sore the whole season. Of course they didn't listen to me and were sore all year. Despite great mechanics and being in fantastic physical shape, we were lucky to get 7 innings a week out of the pitcher because his arm was pretty much shot after pitching one game. So yes, I feel pitchers training like football players is a bad thing and probably leading to injuries. Pitchers should focus on core strength, flexibility, and aerobic conditioning. Stay off the weights. As for specialization, is it really the adults that are pushing this? As a kid I didn't want to play any sport other than baseball. If I knew that spending 365 days on baseball would have given me a shot at D1 or the Majors, I would have done it. For pitchers, the problem is that the radar gun rules. Pitchers are being trained to throw hard, not pitch. Until that changes I don't think you're going to see the number of injuries go down.