I think reinstalling Windows was a good move in this case. Especially after six days of safe mode, it was becoming apparent that finding the cause of the problem was going to take more time and effort than a reinstall. But in my mind, what really tipped the scale toward a reinstall was the fact that Mrs. Al had a proper backup available. It's amazing how many people not only lack a backup, they also have no clue where their documents are stored within their OS. Obviously, you don't want to reinitialize unless you're sure your documents are safe and sound. For the future, I wonder how practical it would be for Al's wife to make a backup now with the intention of having it available if things mess up again. She'd be able to reinstall Windows and most of her necessary software in one go from a copy that's (hopefully at this point) free of flaws. Documents could be retrieved from the newest backup. I also recommend conscientiously setting restore points. Having a restore point available recently bailed me out when I bonked my friend's 3G access. http://forum.brewerfan.net/images/smilies/smile.gif The only problem was that the restore point excluded the printer I had just installed. Needless to say, when I reinstalled the printer, I made sure I left her with a restore point where everything worked properly. I do know, however, that there are several members here who prefer to keep System Restore turned off. If anyone would care to reiterate why they have that preference, I'd like to understand that point of view. Lastly, "Let's not spread glaring misinformation," peppered with "Sounds like Mac kool-aid" really crosses the personal attack line. The stuff in between those statements makes the point just fine. I think ""Sounds like Mac kool-aid" (possibly with an emot)--without the other comment--would have been fine.